The dental consonants are pronounced exactly like the 't' and 'd' in Spanish, with the tongue touching the back of the upper teeth. To achieve these sounds, curl the tongue back and touch the tip to the roof of the mouth. They are closer to the latter (retroflex), so when Marathi speakers say or speak English words containing t or d, they almost always use the retroflex version. The English consonants 't' and 'd' fall somewhere in between the Marathi consonants t and d, and ṭ and ḍ. The consonant ch is virtually indistinguishable from c to the untrained English speaker, but is indeed a different letter. The consonant written 'c' can be confusing it is pronounced like the first sound in the word chair but without aspiration. 
In other words, a Marathi k sounds like an English 'k' (without aspiration).
The consonants in the first two vargas, as well as the last, are pronounced exactly as they are in English. 
The nasal consonants in the first two vargas are almost never found written alone they are usually conjuncted (more on conjuncts later) with another consonant in their corresponding vargas, as the other nasal consonants often are. अं: ( aha) is like the vowel in no similar use in English. It is often pronounced like the vowel in autum. औ ( au) is the other diphthong vowel, also with varying pronunciation. Often it is pronounced like the vowel in buy. ऐ ( ai) is one of the only two diphthong vowels in Marathi, and pronounced differently depending on regional accent. ए ( e) is like the vowel in May except there is no diphthong. Note that this must NOT be confused with a similar o-like sound, and can be represented by the sound children, and even adults, make when a GP tells them to say 'Aah.' In a RP accent, this can also be said like the 'ar' in farther. अ ( a) is pronounced as a default vowel, similar to a schwa.
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